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This issue of the RECENT journal was edited with the support of: ContentsCluster Communication Model of Composite and Textile Industries: A Regional Case Study
RECENT J. (2024), 74:144-154 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.144 Abstract The study conducted as part of the Bursa Technical Textile and Composite Materials Cluster analysis aims to lay the groundwork for future cluster development stages in Bursa. The primary goal is to formulate a cluster strategy and comprehensive implementation plan. Bursa, with its robust infrastructure and innovative enterprises, specializes in various disciplines within the tech textiles and composite materials industries, positioning itself as a global industry hub. Identifying key stakeholders, skills, and areas for improvement within the Initial Phase of the Bursa Technical Textile and Composite Materials Cluster framework was a key focus of the study. The first stage of cluster development commenced with a specific emphasis on strategy formulation and roadmap establishment. The research serves as a cluster communication service manual for the Composite Material and Technical Textile Prototype Production and Application Center (BUTEXCOMP) Cluster Coordination Unit in Bursa, Türkiye. It provides guidance on building relationships with cluster members and external stakeholders, as well as communicating the concept of clustering effectively. Keywords composite materials, technical textiles, clusters analysis, bursa Cluster Networking and Business Development of Composite and Textile Industries: A Regional-Global Case Study
RECENT J. (2024), 74:155-173 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.155 Abstract The present study was conducted as a component of the cluster analysis conducted by the Bursa Technical Textile and Composite Materials Cluster. The primary objective of this study is to establish the foundation for future stages of cluster development in Bursa, encompassing the formulation of a cluster strategy and the development of a comprehensive implementation plan. The industrial scope of the study encompasses tech textiles and composite materials, as Bursa possesses a robust infrastructure and a portfolio of innovative enterprises that enable it to specialize in several disciplines. It has become a global center for industry. Moreover, the present study has successfully identified the key stakeholders, skills, and areas that necessitate improvement within the Initial Phase of the Bursa Technical Textile and Composite Materials Cluster framework. The first stage of cluster development in Bursa was initiated, with a specific emphasis on the formulation of the cluster strategy and the establishment of an implementation roadmap. This study will examine the impact of Networking and Development on the Composite Material and Technical Textile Prototype Production and Application Center (BUTEXCOMP) Cluster Coordination Unit in Türkiye. The objective is to establish networks and engage in business development activities that enhance the competitiveness of cluster actors and create business opportunities with other clusters and platforms. This document was created as a guide for Business Development Services. Within the realm of business development services, the service handbook encompasses comprehensive details pertaining to project development. Prior to commencing cluster communication and tool development, it is advisable to thoroughly examine the topic of this work. Keywords composite materials, technical textiles, clusters analysis, bursa Classification and Review of Neck Rehabilitation Devices
RECENT J. (2024), 74:174-180 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.174 Abstract The aim of this study is to provide a general insight into the causes that lead to cervical spine disorders and different types of pathologies of the neck joint, while also providing insight into how the respective condition can be ameliorated or even treated. For the scope of this study, the only treatment methods considered were the ones using rehabilitation devices based on different types of equipment, as opposed to classic methods, such as kinesiotherapy. Where available, a comparison between the two is provided. To create a clearer picture of the different types of rehabilitation devices, a classification method is introduced, which is based on the following aspects: the interaction of the device with the patient, the type of actuation and its stiffness. Different examples are also provided along with available specifications. Furthermore, the study compiles data on the development of rehabilitation devices, emphasises the effectiveness and adaptiveness of said devices, and highlights the importance of additional research in this field. Keywords neck rehabilitation equipment, electrical devices, neck disorders A Systematic Review of the Principles Used in Industry 5.0
RECENT J. (2024), 74:181-189 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.181 Abstract The aim of this paper is to highlight the development capacity and impact of the specific characteristics and technologies of Industry 5.0 in the field of industrial engineering and other sectors. Simultaneously, their impact and implications in these industrial sectors will have an impact on the manufacturing process, which will lead to the development of new manufacturing strategies through the prism of the three principles proposed by I5.0: human-centricity, sustainability and resilience. The Industry 4.0 concept puts smart technologies at the heart of manufacturing and supply chains. In the meantime, the amplification of this digital transformation and the more meaningful and efficient collaboration between people, machines and systems in their digital ecosystem are described in the specific I5.0 concept principles and technologies identified in this paper. It is therefore important to note that, regardless of how the I5.0 concept is presented, these I5.0 characteristics and underlying technologies will define a new structure of organisation and control over future product lifecycle specific activities. Keywords industry 5.0, principles, technologies Research on the Influence of Heat Treatment Parameters on the Properties of 6000 Series Al Alloys
RECENT J. (2024), 74:190-193 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.190 Abstract 6000 Series Al alloys are aluminium alloys with magnesium and silicon exhibiting high formability and excellent weldability, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. Due to its versatile characteristics, the 6082 aluminium alloy continues to be preferred in applications requiring balance between weight, strength and durability. Thus, this alloy remains an important pillar in the development of modern and sustainable technologies, contributing to innovations in the field of engineering and construction. The connection between the properties of the 6082 aluminium alloy and the heat treatments is essential to maximise its performance. This synergy between properties and heat treatments defines its use in demanding environments. The connection between the hardness of the 6082 aluminium alloy and the heat treatments is fundamental for achieving optimal performance in industrial applications. Hardness is an essential characteristic, influencing the resistance to wear, the behaviour under mechanical stress and the durability of the components. Keywords aluminium alloy, treatment parameters, hardness Analysis of Detailed Diagnostic Study Results on Textile and Composite Materials Sectors: A Regional Study
RECENT J. (2024), 74:194-205 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.194 Abstract The Technical Assistance for the Composite Material and Technical Textile Prototype Production and Application Centre (BUTEXCOMP) study aims to improve the capabilities of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise in the composite materials and technical textile sectors in Bursa (Türkiye). The project's first activity is a diagnostic study and needs analysis, which was conducted in two stages. The Desk Review report describes the current state of textiles and composites sectors, including market conditions, technology trends, and previous reports. The study also describes the industrial policies of five EU governments, including the European Commission, and a list of important applied R&D centers and cluster organizations in Textiles and Composites in three countries. The Diagnostic Study and Needs Analysis was conducted in two stages, with 140 companies visited to fill out a standard questionnaire. 50 companies were selected for in-depth semi-structured interviews by senior experts in Technical Textiles and Composites. A Market Research study was conducted, analyzing current and future markets, promising export markets, and technology trends affecting the future market. Recommendations for services to be provided by the new Centre are given. Stakeholder involvement was studied through meetings with existing institutions and stakeholder mapping. Keywords Composite Material, technical textile, market analysis, Bursa, cluster strategy Manufacturing Quality: Performance and Capability Indices, Method, Results
RECENT J. (2024), 74:206-212 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.206 Abstract In order to create products that meet customer requirements, organizations consider specific, systematic quality planning actions. To plan the quality of a product and draw up the control plan, the APQP concept (Advanced Product Quality Planning) is applied in the automotive industry. In this context, the article presents how the process capability analysis is used, as a method included in APQP, before starting serial production, but also during the operation of a system, in order to assess the ability of the processes to produce goods according to the requirements. In this context, the ability and performance indices of the processes were defined and in the presented case study, the ability of an assembly line of components in the automotive industry was determined. Capability analysis is part of the preventive methods of statistical process control. The importance of process capability evaluation was emphasized to characterize the manufacturing quality (reduce scrap and rework, increase productivity, improve overall quality, streamline the process, continuously monitor processes to maintain control), in general and the efficiency of the considered assembly process, in particular. Keywords manufacturing quality, process capability, 6σ A New Software Tool for Calorific Value Calculation of Solid Fuels using the Bomb Calorimeter
RECENT J. (2024), 74:213-219 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.213 Abstract This article presents a new program for calculating the calorific value of solid fuels, using bomb calorimeter technology. Since the usual method of calculating the calorific value is complicated and time-consuming, the suggested solution facilitates this essential calculation for evaluating the efficiency of fuels. The program offers a user-friendly interface, allows for rapid evaluation of data from calorimeter experiments, and guarantees better accuracy in determining the calorific value. The results obtained are compared with traditional techniques, showing the efficiency and reliability of the solution in industrial and research applications. Compared to commercial software often offered customized for various instruments, this program can be used to calculate the calorific value of solid fuels regardless of the manufacturer of the calorimeter bomb. Keywords calorific value, bomb calorimeter, software tool The Effect of Reinforcing Fibres and Resin Types on Composite Materials Used in the Automotive Industry
RECENT J. (2024), 74:220-225 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.220 Abstract This paper focuses on the fabrication of composite materials tailored for automotive applications. The manufacturing technologies of composites with carbon and Kevlar pulp are reported. Carbon fiber composites are highlighted for their high strength-to-weight ratio, rigidity, and corrosion resistance, while Kevlar pulp composites are noted for their exceptional wear and abrasion resistance, as well as their ability to enhance reinforcement and viscosity control under stress. Both materials contribute to significant weight reduction in automotive components, enabling lighter vehicles that improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions, aligning with the industry's focus on sustainability and performance optimization. The materials were subjected to tensile testing to evaluate their mechanical properties, with the best-performing sample undergoing additional bending tests. The study highlights the critical role of composites in reducing material weight, contributing to lighter vehicle designs. This weight reduction enhances fuel efficiency and reduces emissions, aligning with the industry's push towards sustainability and improved performance. Keywords composites, automotive applications, manufacturing technologies Evaluation of Crankshaft Properties: Mechanical Testing and Microscopic Analysis
RECENT J. (2024), 74:226-233 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.226 Abstract The crankshaft is a critical element of internal combustion engines, extensively utilized in automotive applications. Fatigue failure represents the most prevalent mechanism of crankshaft failure. The experimental analysis focused on investigating the properties and characteristics of the material used in manufacturing the shaft for the ARO 244 vehicle. This research aimed to comprehensively evaluate the material's performance under operational conditions by examining its chemical composition, microstructural features, and mechanical behaviour. By understanding these attributes, the study sought to assess the suitability of the material for ensuring the durability, strength, and reliability of the shaft during prolonged use. The vehicle was manufactured at Brasov, having in the moment of failure more than 400,000 kilometers. The samples were analysed from microscopic, chemical, and mechanical perspectives. From a mechanical standpoint, the samples were subjected to bending, torsion, compression and resilience. Keywords crankshaft, fracture failure, mechanical analysis Improving X-Ray Assessment of Internal Defects Using Filters for Digital Image Processing
RECENT J. (2024), 74:234-237 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.234 Abstract Non-destructive testing (NDT) is an essential solution for assessing the integrity of industrial parts without compromising their utility. In this study, the use of X-ray radiographic technique for the evaluation of internal defects in lightweight alloys was investigated, with emphasis on the application of image processing filters. In particular, the performance of the Flash! Filter, a tool integrated into the Rhythm Review software designed to reduce noise and improve contrast was implicated. The study focused on AlSi12(Cu) alloy die-casting parts with wall thicknesses between 3.5 and 13.0 mm. The results showed that the use of the Flash! Filter allows more accurate detection of porosity and cold fill defects, ensuring correct classification according to ASTM E-505. The images processed with this filter showed a significant reduction in background noise and an increase in contrast compared to the raw images, contributing to a more detailed assessment of discontinuities. In addition, the application of the Laplacian filter highlighted the boundaries of the defects by analyzing sudden density changes. Keywords X-ray, Flash! Filter, porosity in Al-alloy A Review of Literature on Risk Identification in New Product Launches: Focusing on Market Needs and the Role of AI Utilization
RECENT J. (2024), 74:238-248 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.238 Abstract This comprehensive literature review explores the intricacies of risk identification in the process of launching new products, emphasizing the alignment with market needs and the strategic utilization of artificial intelligence (AI). As businesses increasingly rely on innovative approaches to gain competitive advantage, understanding potential risks becomes critical. This study synthesizes existing research on risk factors associated with new product introductions, examining traditional and emerging methods for identifying these risks. Special focus is given to the integration of AI technologies in predicting market trends and consumer demands, thus enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of risk assessment. By analysing case studies and empirical evidence, this review highlights the challenges and opportunities presented by AI in mitigating risks associated with market entry strategies. The findings aim to inform practitioners and researchers on best practices and future directions in leveraging AI for risk management in product development. Keywords risk identification, artificial intelligence, AI utilization, market trends Analysing Energy Consumption and Productivity in Die Sinking Electrical Discharge Machining of PCD materials
RECENT J. (2024), 74:249-253 https://doi.org/10.31926/RECENT.2024.74.249 Abstract This study examines the application of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) in the processing of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tools. It focuses on machining parameters, material removal mechanisms, and energy consumption, while also addressing the challenges posed by PCD's low electrical conductivity and unique structure. The experimental findings indicate that, although PCD can be processed using EDM, energy losses and residue formation significantly impact productivity. The research underlines the importance of optimizing parameters to enhance the efficiency of machining PCD-based materials. Keywords electrical discharge machining, polycrystalline diamond, removal mechanism
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